One of the cases discussed in the first semester with master’s students, as part of the course on “Criminal Liability of Legal Entities,” concerns the death of a golden eagle (the bird featured on Romania’s coat of arms) following a collision with a wind turbine blade—an incident that occurred in France in 2023 (and previously). 𝐅𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐥𝐞 𝐬̦𝐢 𝐜𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐱𝐭𝐮𝐥 In January 2023, a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos—for identification in various foreign and even national regulations), flying at 50 km/h in the area of the Bernagues wind farm (in the northern part of the Hérault department), collided with a turbine blade and died. The eagle was the breeding male of a pair of this species, which had a nest nearby. It was equipped with a GPS system, and the wind farm had a bird detection system designed to shut down the turbines, but which malfunctioned, according to a report by the French Office for Biodiversity (OFB). A similar case

Over the past three days, I have been following media reports about a tragic incident that occurred in 2019 about 80 km from Paris, in the Retz Forest, one of the largest in France. 𝐅𝐚𝐩𝐭𝐞𝐥𝐞, 𝐩𝐞 𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐫𝐭 Elisa Pilarski, 29, went for a walk in the forest with Curtis, the dog belonging to her partner, Christophe Ellul. At one point, she called Christophe; the call lasted about 2 minutes. Christophe rushed to her, but when he arrived at the spot where she was, Elisa was already dead, with numerous dog bites on her neck and arms, and one thigh and her scalp had been torn from her body. Curtis was lying next to her. Elisa was six months pregnant. 𝐀𝐩𝐚̆𝐫𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐚 Christophe stated that Elisa told him on the phone, “The dogs bit my hand and arms; I can’t hold Curtis,” and that he could hear the dogs barking. On the same day, 21 dogs from